Go Tsuruoka (Waseda University), Takami Sato, Qi Alfred Chen (University of California, Irvine), Kazuki Nomoto, Ryunosuke Kobayashi, Yuna Tanaka (Waseda University), Tatsuya Mori (Waseda University/NICT/RIKEN)

Traffic signs, essential for communicating critical rules to ensure safe and efficient traffic for entities such as pedestrians and motor vehicles, must be reliably recognized, especially in the realm of autonomous driving. However, recent studies have revealed vulnerabilities in vision-based traffic sign recognition systems to adversarial attacks, typically involving small stickers or laser projections. Our work advances this frontier by exploring a novel attack vector, the Adversarial Retroreflective Patch (ARP) attack. This method is stealthy and particularly effective at night by exploiting the optical properties of retroreflective materials, which reflect light back to its source. By applying retroreflective patches to traffic signs, the reflected light from the vehicle’s headlights interferes with the camera, causing perturbations that hinder the traffic sign recognition model’s ability to correctly detect the signs. In our preliminary study, we conducted a feasibility study of ARP attacks and observed that while a 100% attack success rate is achievable in digital simulations, it decreases to less than or equal to 90% in physical experiments. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and outline our future plans. This research gains significance in the context of autonomous vehicles’ 24/7 operation, emphasizing the critical need to assess sensor and AI vulnerabilities, especially in low-light nighttime environments, to ensure the continued safety and reliability of self-driving technologies.

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Jiangrong Wu (Sun Yat-sen University), Yuhong Nan (Sun Yat-sen University), Luyi Xing (Indiana University Bloomington), Jiatao Cheng (Sun Yat-sen University), Zimin Lin (Alibaba Group), Zibin Zheng (Sun Yat-sen University), Min Yang (Fudan University)

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Dr. Barton P. Miller (Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor at The University of Wisconsin-Madison)

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Shichen Wu (1. School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University 2. Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education), Puwen Wei (1. School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shandong University 2. Quancheng Laboratory 3. Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security, Ministry of Education), Ren Zhang (Cryptape Co. Ltd. and…

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Lewis William Koplon, Ameer Ghasem Nessaee, Alex Choi (University of Arizona, Tucson), Andres Mentoza (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces), Michael Villasana, Loukas Lazos, Ming Li (University of Arizona, Tucson)

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