Kyungtae Kim (Purdue University), Dae R. Jeong (KAIST), Chung Hwan Kim (NEC Labs America), Yeongjin Jang (Oregon State University), Insik Shin (KAIST), Byoungyoung Lee (Seoul National University)

Hybrid fuzzing, combining symbolic execution and fuzzing, is a promising approach for vulnerability discovery because each approach can complement the other. However, we observe that applying hybrid fuzzing to kernel testing is challenging because the following unique characteristics of the kernel make a naive adoption of hybrid fuzzing inefficient: 1) having many implicit control transfers determined by syscall arguments, 2) controlling and matching internal system state via system calls, and 3) inferring nested argument type for invoking system calls. Failure to handling such challenges will render both fuzzing and symbolic execution inefficient, and thereby, will result in an inefficient hybrid fuzzing. Although these challenges are essential to both fuzzing and symbolic execution, however, to the best of our knowledge, existing kernel testing approaches either naively use each technique separately without handling such challenges or imprecisely handle a part of challenges only by static analysis.

To this end, this paper proposes HFL, which not only combines fuzzing with symbolic execution for hybrid fuzzing but also addresses kernel-specific fuzzing challenges via three distinct features: 1) converting implicit control transfers to explicit transfers, 2) inferring system call sequence to build a consistent system state, and 3) identifying nested arguments types of system calls. As a result, HFL found 24 previously unknown vulnerabilities in recent Linux kernels. Additionally, HFL achieves 14% higher code coverage than Syzkaller, and over S2E/TriforceAFL, achieving even eight times better coverage, using the same amount of resource (CPU, time, etc.). Regarding vulnerability discovery performance, HFL found 13 known vulnerabilities more than three times faster than Syzkaller.

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Qi Wang (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Wajih Ul Hassan (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Ding Li (NEC Laboratories America, Inc.), Kangkook Jee (University of Texas at Dallas), Xiao Yu (NEC Laboratories America, Inc.), Kexuan Zou (University Of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Junghwan Rhee (NEC Laboratories America, Inc.), Zhengzhang Chen (NEC Laboratories America, Inc.), Wei Cheng (NEC Laboratories America,…

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Yanhao Wang (Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Xiangkun Jia (Pennsylvania State University), Yuwei Liu (Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Kyle Zeng (Arizona State University), Tiffany Bao (Arizona State University), Dinghao Wu (Pennsylvania State University), Purui Su (Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

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Saeid Tizpaz-Niari (University of Colorado Boulder), Pavol Černý (TU Wien), Ashutosh Trivedi (University of Colorado Boulder)

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